Pola Penggunaan Obat pada Pasien Anak dengan Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) di RSJD Atma Husada Mahakam Samarinda

The Pattern of Drug Use in Pediatric Patient with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) at RSJD Atma Husada Mahakam Samarinda

Authors

  • hery kurniawan Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Mulawarman Author
  • Janti Nur Baiti Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Mulawarman Author

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30872/jsk.v6i3.798

Keywords:

Autism Spectrum Disorder; obat; anak; rumah sakit jiwa.

Abstract

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) merupakan gangguan perkembangan neurologis yang memengaruhi kemampuan seseorang dalam berinteraksi, berkomunikasi, dan berperilaku. Kondisi ini umumnya dialami oleh anak-anak. Terapi farmakologi menjadi salah satu intervensi yang digunakan dalam manajemen ASD untuk membantu mengontrol gejala perilaku dan meningkatkan fungsi kognitif. Namun, studi mengenai pola penggunaan obat pada pasien anak dengan ASD, khususnya di Rumah Sakit Jiwa Daerah (RSJD) Atma Husada Mahakam Samarinda, masih terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan gambaran mengenai pola penggunaan obat pada pasien anak dengan ASD di RSJD Atma Husada Mahakam Samarinda pada periode Januari hingga Desember 2023. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian observasional dengan pendekatan retrospektif. Penetapan sampel dilakukan dengan purposive sampling, di mana sebanyak 170 pasien anak memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa karakteristik pasien anak dengan ASD di RSJD Atma Husada Mahakam Samarinda didominasi oleh laki laki (85,83%), kelompok usia sekolah (7 hingga 18 tahun) (43,53%), dan berstatus tidak sekolah (57,65%). Obat yang paling banyak digunakan adalah risperidone (17,83%), citicoline (19,45%), dan asam folat (25,28%). Penelitian ini diharapkan memberikan kontribusi dalam optimalisasi manajemen terapi pasien anak dengan ASD.

References

[1] A. G. Lai, W. H. Chang, and D. Skuse, “Autism and mental illness in children and young people require standardised approaches for assessment and treatment,” Lancet Reg. Health, vol. 16, pp. 1–2, May 2022.

[2] S. Liang, C. Sun, H. Fan, W. Chung, R. Tzang, K. Hung, H. Chiu, Y. Cheng, and P. Yeh, “Therapeutic effects of antidepressants for global improvement and subdomain symptoms of autism spectrum disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis,” J. Psychiatry Neurosci., vol. 47, no. 4, pp. 299–310, Jun. 2022.

[3] N. W. Norlita, Isnaniar, and M. Sari, “Kemampuan perhatian anak autisme pada permainan puzzle di SLB Melati Rumbai Pekanbaru,” J. Kesehatan As-Shiha, pp. 16–33, July 2021.

[4] G. Leader, A. Hogan, J. L. Chen, L. Maher, K. Naughton, N. O'Rourke, M. Casburn, and A. Mannion, “Age of autism spectrum disorder diagnosis and comorbidity in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder,” Dev. Neurorehabil., vol. 25, no. 1, pp. 29–37, May 2022.

[5] M. Turner, “The role of drugs in the treatment of autism,” Aust. Prescriber, vol. 43, no. 6, pp. 185–190, Dec. 2020.

[6] A. K. Sauer, J. E. Stanton, S. Hans, and A. M. Grabrucker, “Autism spectrum disorders: etiology and pathology” in Autism Spectrum Disorder. Brisbane: Exon Publications, 2021, pp. 1–15.

[7] R. Loomes, L. Hull, and W. P. L. Mandy, “What is the male-to-female ratio in autism spectrum disorder? A systematic review and meta-analysis,” J. Am. Acad. Child Adolesc. Psychiatry, vol. 56, no. 6, pp. 466–474, Jun. 2017.

[8] S. Baron-Cohen, “The extreme male brain theory of autism,” Trends Cogn. Sci., vol. 6, no. 6, pp. 248–254, Jun. 2002.

[9] R. S. Tareen and M. K. Kamboj, “Role of endocrine factors in autistic spectrum disorders,” Pediatr. Clin., vol. 59, pp. 75–88, Feb. 2012.

[10] C. M. Jensen, H. C. Steinhausen, and M. B. Lauritsen, “Time trends over 16 years in incidence-rates of autism spectrum disorders across the lifespan based on nationwide Danish register data,” J. Autism Dev. Disord., vol. 44, no. 8, pp. 1808–1818, Aug. 2014.

[11] S. H. Avlund, P. H. Thomsen, D. Schendel, M. Jorgensen, A. H. Carlsen, and L. Clausen, “Factors associated with a delayed autism spectrum disorder diagnosis in children previously assessed on suspicion of autism,” J. Autism Dev. Disord., Nov. 2021.

[12] C. M. Conner, S. W. White, L. Scahill, and C. A. Mazefsky, “The role of emotion regulation and core autism symptoms in the experience of anxiety in autism,” Autism, pp. 1–10, May 2020.

[13] I. W. S. Wiranjaya, M. S. Pasek, A. Wibowo, and C. P. Airawata, “Hubungan derajat keparahan autism spectrum disorder dengan indeks prestasi akademik siswa SLB Negeri 2 Buleleng tahun ajaran 2023–2024,” J. Kesehatan Masyarakat, vol. 8, no. 3, pp. 6447–6460, Dec. 2024.

[14] G. L. D’Alò, F. De Crescenzo, L. Amato, F. Cruciani, M. Davoli, F. Fulceri, S. Minozzi, Z. Mitrova, G. P. Morgano, F. Nardocci, R. Saulle, H. J. Schünemann, and M. L. Scattoni, “Impact of antipsychotics in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis,” Health Qual. Life Outcomes, vol. 19, pp. 33, Jan. 2021.

[15] S. T. Hesapcioglu, M. F. Ceylan, M. Kasak, and C. P. Sen, “Olanzapine, risperidone, and aripiprazole use in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorders,” Res. Autism Spectr. Disord., vol. 72, Feb. 2020.

[16] S. Z. Levine, A. Kodesh, Y. Goldberg, A. Reichenberg, T. A. Furukawa, A. Kolevzon, and S. Leucht, “Initial severity and efficacy of risperidone in autism: results from the RUPP trial,” Eur. Psychiatry, vol. 32, pp. 16–20, Feb. 2016.

[17] M. Aman, M. Rettiganti, H. N. Nagaraja, J. A. Hollway, J. McCracken, and C. J. McDougle, “Tolerability, safety, and benefits of risperidone in children and adolescents with autism: 21-month follow-up after 8-week placebo-controlled trial,” J. Child Adolesc. Psychopharmacol., vol. 25, no. 6, pp. 482–493, Aug. 2015.

[18] A. J. Al Mosawi, “The use of cerebrolysin and citicoline in autism and Asperger syndrome,” J. Bio. Innov., vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 99–108, Jan. 2019.

[19] C. Sun, M. Zou, D. Zhao, W. Xia, and L. Wu, “Efficacy of folic acid supplementation in autistic children participating in structured teaching: an open label trial,” Nutrients, vol. 8, pp. 337, Jun. 2016.

[20] L. Jennings and R. Basiri, “Amino acids, B vitamins, and choline may independently and collaboratively influence the incidence and core symptoms of autism spectrum disorder,” Nutrients, vol. 14, pp. 2896, Jul. 2022.

[21] D. Malachowska, “Nutrient deficiencies in patients with autism spectrum disorder, role of folic acid and vitamin D3 - review of literature,” J. Educ. Health Sport, vol. 39, no. 1, pp. 105–117, Aug. 2023.

Published

2025-11-29

Issue

Vol. 6 No. 3 (2025)

Section

Articles

License

Copyright (c) 2025 Jurnal Sains dan Kesehatan

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

How to Cite

[1]
hery kurniawan and J. . Nur Baiti, “Pola Penggunaan Obat pada Pasien Anak dengan Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) di RSJD Atma Husada Mahakam Samarinda: The Pattern of Drug Use in Pediatric Patient with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) at RSJD Atma Husada Mahakam Samarinda”, J. Sains. Kes, Nov. 2025, doi: 10.30872/jsk.v6i3.798.

Similar Articles

191-200 of 215

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.