Efikasi Biolarvasida Berbagai Tanaman Untuk Pengendalian Vektor Nyamuk Anopheles
Biolarvicidal Efficacy of Various Plants for Controlling Anopheles Mosquito Vectors
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30872/jsk.v5i2.p224-235Keywords:
Anopheles, Larvasida, Malaria, Nyamuk, TanamanAbstract
panjang menimbulkan masalah baru yang turut memperlambat eliminasi malaria. Pengendalian vektor pada fase larva menggunakan senyawa bioaktif berbagai tanaman menjadi alternatif untuk memberantas vektor, disamping itu memanfaatan senyawa bioaktif tersebut relatif lebih aman,
murah, mudah. Tanaman mengandung sejumlah senyawa yang bersifat toksik pada larva nyamuk Anopheles. Studi literatur ini bertujuan untuk hasil-hasil riset mengenai ekstrak berbagai tanaman yang berfungsi sebagai biolarvasida nyamuk Anopheles. Metode penelitian menggunakan studi literatur. Literatur yang berhungan dengan topik penelitian diperoleh dari basis data google scholar, semantic sholar, garuda, pubMed dan science direct. Literatur utama merupakan publikasi 10 tahun terakhir. Hasil studi literatur menunjukkan tanaman Vitex negundo Linn., Lawsonia inermis Linn., Stachys byzantina K.Koch., Pithecellobium dulce Bth., Olax dissitiflora Oliv., Ipomea cairica Linn., Ricinnus communis Linn., Carica papaya Linn., Paederia foetida Linn., Glycosmis pentaphylla Retz., Terminalia chebula Retz., Annona squamosa Linn., Tagetes erecta Linn. dan Azadiracha indica Juss. terbukti memiliki kemampuan larvasida terhadap vektor nyamuk. Simpulan studi ini adalah senyawa metabolit sekunder tanaman dapat digunakan sebagai kandidat sekaligus alternatif untuk pengendalian larva nyamuk Anopheles.
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